JPA顾名思义就是Java Persistence API的意思,是JDK 5.0注解或XML描述对象-关系表的映射关系,并将运行期的实体对象持久化到数据库中。
依赖
- spring-boot-starter-data-jdbc
- spring-boot-starter-data-jpa
- mysql-connector-java
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< dependency >
< groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId >
< artifactId >spring-boot-starter-data-jdbc</ artifactId >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId >
< artifactId >spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</ artifactId >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >mysql</ groupId >
< artifactId >mysql-connector-java</ artifactId >
< scope >runtime</ scope >
</ dependency >
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application.yml
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update
- 如果数据库内没有表或表结构改变时根据Entity创建/更新
spring.jpa.show-sql=true
- 控制台打印sql
spring.jpa.database
- 指定数据库类型,可写可不写
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spring:
datasource:
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring_boot?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
username: root
password: root
jpa:
hibernate:
ddl-auto: update
show-sql: true
database: mysql
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POJO
- @Data是Lombok
- @Entity告诉JPA这是一个实体类(和数据表映射的类)
- @Table(name = “jpa_user”) 给表起名,不写默认为类名小写(user)
- @Id设置主键
- @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) 使用自增
- @Column(name = “jpa_username”,length = 40) 给列起名,不写默认为属性名(username)
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import lombok.Data;
import javax.persistence.*;
@Entity
@Table (name = "jpa_user" )
@Data
public class User {
@Id
@GeneratedValue (strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Integer id;
@Column (name = "jpa_username" ,length = 40 )
private String username;
@Column (name = "jpa_password" )
private String password;
}
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Repository
JpaRepository的继承关系
所以继承JpaRepository
- JpaRepository<T, ID>
- 第一个泛型就是要操作的Entity
- 第二个泛型就是Entity的Id主键类型
- JpaRepository<User, Integer>
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package com.live.repository;
import com.live.model.User;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User,Integer> {
}
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Controller(测试)
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@Autowired @Autowired
UserRepository userRepository;
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package com.live.controller;
import com.live.model.User;
import com.live.repository.UserRepository;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;
@RestController
public class UserJPAController {
@Autowired
UserRepository userRepository;
@GetMapping ( "/findAll" )
public List<User> findAll() {
return userRepository.findAll();
}
@GetMapping ( "/findOne/{id}" )
public Optional<User> findOne( @PathVariable (value = "id" ) Integer id) {
return userRepository.findById(id);
}
@GetMapping ( "/insert" )
public User insertOne(User user) {
return userRepository.save(user);
}
}
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测试
注意:
- 对字段操作时,使用的是实体类的属性名(username,password)
- 而不是在@Column(name=“jpa_username”)设置的jpa_username
查询所有
插入
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原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44216706/article/details/106467023